What are the various sound device files?
These are the most standard device file names, some Linux distributions may
use slightly different names.
/dev/audio
normally a link to /dev/audio0
/dev/audio0
Sun workstation compatible audio device (only a partial implementation,
does not support Sun ioctl interface, just u-law encoding)
/dev/audio1
second audio device (if supported by sound card or if more than one sound
card installed)
/dev/dsp
normally a link to /dev/dsp0
/dev/dsp0
first digital sampling device
/dev/dsp1
second digital sampling device
/dev/mixer
normally a link to /dev/mixer0
/dev/mixer0
first sound mixer
/dev/mixer1
second sound mixer
/dev/music
high-level sequencer interface
/dev/sequencer
low level MIDI, FM, and GUS access
/dev/sequencer2
normally a link to /dev/music
/dev/midi00
1st raw MIDI port
/dev/midi01
2nd raw MIDI port
/dev/midi02
3rd raw MIDI port
/dev/midi03
4th raw MIDI port
/dev/sndstat
displays sound driver status when read (also available as /proc/sound,
removed in 2.4 kernels)
The PC speaker driver provides the following devices:
/dev/pcaudio
equivalent to /dev/audio
/dev/pcsp
equivalent to /dev/dsp
/dev/pcmixer
equivalent to /dev/mixer
/dev/sndstat很有用，它是/proc/asound/oss/sndstat的一个链接，记录了ALSA模拟OSS驱动的一些信息。
另外，/dev/MAKEDEV也是一个不错的脚本，它可以帮助你在/dev/下建立设备文件。
链接：
ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/Sound-HOWTO